Claims register

Every number we use in public, with its source.

If a figure is not in this register it does not appear on this site, in a proposal, or in a deck. Confidence is High for a primary source that is current, Medium for a secondary or older source, and Not claimed for anything we have not measured ourselves.

IDClaimSourceDateGeographyDefinition / caveatConfidence
C-001US direct data-center water consumption rose from ~5.6 bn gal (2014) to ~17 bn gal (2023); 97% from municipal systemsCRS R490572026-07-31United StatesConsumption, direct onlyHigh
C-00247% of operators measured water use in 2025; 7 of the top 20 publish no WUEUptime Institute 2025 survey; Koomey 2026-08-172025/2026GlobalSelf-reported surveyHigh
C-003AWS reports 0.12 L/kWh (withdrawal basis); Microsoft 0.27 L/kWh. The bases differ and must not be compared directlyCompany reports2025Fleet averagesWUE definitions differHigh
C-005Microsoft: all data-center designs since August 2024 use zero-water closed-loop coolingMicrosoft, 2024-12-092024GlobalCooling water only; fills and humidification excludedHigh
C-006Mississauga (29 Jul 2026) and Oakville (11 Aug 2026) passed interim control bylaws pausing data-center development; Ontario published a data-center playbook on 13 Aug 2026CBC; Government of Ontario2026OntarioInterim control bylawsHigh
C-008Virginia requires data-center water-use reporting from 1 Jan 2027; Utah H.B. 76 requires reporting from 2027 with penalties up to $10,000 a dayVirginia HB 496; Utah H.B. 762026Virginia, UtahStatuteHigh
C-0102.1 billion people lack safely managed drinking water; 106 million drink surface waterWHO/UNICEF JMP2025GlobalHigh
C-01240 long-term drinking water advisories in effect in 38 First Nations communitiesIndigenous Services Canada2026-08-13CanadaHigh
C-015Any Pleione treatment, savings or water-use-effectiveness performance claimNoneNot permitted until measured with laboratory verification on a Pleione siteNot claimed

Last updated 23 August 2026. Corrections welcome through the contact form.